Big Bang

Pic credit- NASA/WMAP Science Team - Original version: NASA

Short note on BIG BANG

BIG BANG-  Before the big bang we mean a time 13.8 billion years ago when all the material that makes up the observable universe came into being in the form of a hot, dense plasma of elementary particles. Before this time, the universe was very different. It was relatively cold and devoid of Particles and space itself was expanding very rapidly, which means that any particles it may have contained were moving away from each other at high speeds.

In 1964, accidently, CMBR radiation was discovered a relic of the early universe which, together with other observational evidence, made the big bang the accepted theory in science.

BIG BANG was all space stretching everywhere all at once. The universe started very very small and quickly expanded to the size of a football. The universe didn't expand into anything space was just expanding into itself.

In this hot, dense environment, energy manifested itself in particles that existed only for the tiniest glimpses of time over 13.8 billion years, to grow into our observable universe, the region of space containing all the galaxies and quasars and black hole, stars , planets and nebulae visible from earth today. Before the big bang, thr universe was filled with some thing called the 'inflation' field. The gravitational effect of the energy storer in the inflation field caused the universe's exponential, and this is the origin of the name.

 By the time, A millionth of a second after the big bang when the hot plasma had cooled at 10 trillion degrees Celsius, the quarks and gluons formed into protons and neutrons, the building blocks of atomic nuclei. Although this primordial universe consisted of an almost uniform Particles.

After one minute of the biag bang, at around a billion degrees, the universe was cool enough for same of the protons and neutrons to cluster together in pairs to form deuterium nuclei. 

For the next 10,000 years or so, little happened as the universe continued to expand and cool. Towards the end of this time, however the dark matter gradually degan to clump around the seeds sown by ripples in the inflation field. Regions of the universe where there was a slight excess of dark matter grew denser, as their gravity pulled in yet more matter from their surroundings. This is the start of gravitation clumping of matter that will eventually lead to the formation of galaxies. Means, photons, electrons and atomic nuclei. 

After 380,000 years, when the observable universe was a thousand times smaller than it is today temperature dropped to those found on the surface of an average sun like star, cool enough for electrons to be captured in orbit around the electrically charged hydrogen and helium. As the universe continued to expand, its denser region, composed mainly dark matter, the fusion of hydrogen into helium was initiated, stars formed.

A hundred million years after the Big Bang, the cosmic dark ages came to an end and the universe was flooded with star-light. Most massive stars had brief lives as, they can out of hydrogen fuel, they began to fuse heavier elements in an ultimately futile battle with gravity carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, iron the elements of life- were made their way, planets, nebulas or supernova. New star formed from the debris of the old, 4 billion years ago in a great ocean created frim Hydrogen formed in the first minute of the universe's life and oxygen forged in dead stars.

Outline and short description of the evolution of universe from the big bang.